Step into the timeless legacy of London’s historic shops. These venerable establishments, cherished by royals and locals alike, have weathered centuries of history. Delve into London’s storied past, where bespoke tailors, esteemed cheesemongers, bustling supermarkets, and iconic department stores unveil their unique stories of resilience and tradition.
Berry Bros. & Rudd
Berry Bros. & Rudd, Britain’s oldest wine and spirit merchant, holds a prestigious legacy that spans centuries. Since 1698, this esteemed establishment has operated from the same shop, nestled in Pall Mall, just a stone’s throw away from St James’ Palace.
Originally, the company began its journey by selling coffee and later ventured into a diverse range of products, including cocoa, tea, snuff, spices, and other exotic goods. Their exquisite offerings quickly propelled them to the forefront of London’s thriving grocery scene, gaining a reputation as one of the city’s most fashionable grocers. View Outside↗︎ (Will Open Google Maps)
Ede & Ravenscroft
Ede & Ravenscroft
Established in 1689, Ede & Ravenscroft proudly holds the title of London’s oldest tailor. Nestled in Chancery Lane, near the distinguished Royal Courts of Justice.
Ede & Ravenscroft specialises in crafting, selling, and even renting out a diverse array of garments, including legal gowns, wigs, clerical dresses and other ceremonial and formal ensembles.
Originally founded by William and Martha Shudall, the business later underwent a significant transformation. In 1902, it came under the ownership of Joseph Ede, resulting in the adoption of the present name. The merger with renowned wig-maker Ravenscroft further solidified their reputation as purveyors of exceptional craftsmanship and timeless style. View Outside↗︎
Lock & Co. Hatters
Lock & Co. Hatters proudly claims the title of the oldest hat shop in the world, as well as the oldest shop in London. Remarkably, it stands as one of the few remaining family-owned businesses of such age.
Founded by Robert Davis, the business was passed down through generations. Charles Davis, Robert’s son, carried the torch, and in 1747, he took on James Lock as his apprentice. Fate intertwined their paths when James married Charles Davis’s only child, Mary. Following Charles’s passing in 1759, James Lock inherited the company from his former master, marking the beginning of a lasting Lock family legacy.
Today, James’s descendants continue to own and operate the company, preserving its rich heritage.
Since 1765, Lock & Co. Hatters has been located in its current establishment, providing a haven for traditional and contemporary men’s and ladies’ headwear. It’s here that the iconic bowler hat, a true sartorial masterpiece, was born. View Outside↗︎
Fortnum & Mason
Nestled in the prestigious neighbourhood of Piccadilly, Fortnum & Mason is an esteemed upmarket department store that has graced London since its establishment in 1707. The store’s rich history traces back to its founders: Hugh Mason and the Fortnum family, renowned high-class builders who revitalised Mayfair following the Great Fire.
The serendipitous meeting between William Fortnum, an enterprising grocer and footman in Queen Anne’s household, and Hugh Mason, his landlord, sparked the birth of the first Fortnum & Mason store. Utilising Mason’s small shop in St James’s Market, they opened their doors in 1707. As the years unfolded, the store’s connection with the royal court deepened when William Fortnum’s grandson Charles entered the service of Queen Charlotte, leading to an increase in business and prestige.
Fortnum & Mason proudly claims to be the birthplace of the Scotch egg, credited to their inventive spirit in 1738. The store also became renowned for stocking speciality items, including ready-to-eat luxury meals such as poultry or game served in aspic jelly. These delectable offerings epitomized the store’s commitment to culinary excellence and elevated dining experiences.
Today, Fortnum & Mason stands as a beacon of luxury and refinement, offering a wide range of exquisite products and services to discerning customers. View Outside↗︎
Floris
Founded in 1730, in the elegant quarter of London’s St James, Juan Famenias Floris and his wife Elizabeth embarked on a fragrant venture, offering a range of perfume, combs, and shaving products. The Floris shop they established at 89 Jermyn Street has remained the heart of their business, preserving their legacy through generations of their descendants who continue to run it today.
At the Floris shop on Jermyn Street, a storied history unfolds. It is a place where exquisite scents waft through the air and grooming essentials are curated with meticulous care. Steeped in tradition, yet embracing innovation, Floris captures the essence of timeless British craftsmanship.
Penhaligon’s
Established in the late 1860s by William Henry Penhaligon, a Cornish barber who ventured to London, Penhaligon’s has become a beloved British perfume house.
Originally, Penhaligon’s operated as a barber within the London and Provincial Turkish Baths, situated at 76 Jermyn Street. In the late 1920s, the business found a new home on Bury Street, continuing to flourish. Although the original buildings were tragically destroyed during The Blitz in 1941, the store on Bury Street miraculously remained untouched.
For several decades, Penhaligon’s thrived in its Bury Street location until the mid-1950s, when it was acquired by Geo. F. Trumper. The production of Penhaligon’s products shifted to the basement of Trumper’s Curzon Street premises, and over time, the brand gradually slipped into obscurity.
However, Penhaligon’s legacy experienced a remarkable revival in 1977 when a shop was opened on Wellington Street in Covent Garden. This rejuvenation brought the brand back into the spotlight, recapturing the essence of its exquisite fragrances and captivating heritage.
James Smith & Sons Umbrellas
Back in 1830, Mr Smith embarked on a remarkable venture, laying the foundation for the renowned firm of James Smith and Sons (Umbrellas). Nestled at Foubert’s Place, just off Regent Street in London’s West End, the shop quickly became a haven for those seeking top-quality umbrellas. In the small workshop tucked away at the back, skilled craftsmen meticulously crafted these essential accessories, which were then proudly displayed and sold to customers at the front.
Today, the shop located at 53 New Oxford Street stands as a testament to its Victorian roots, largely unchanged and a striking example of exquisite shopfront design from that era. It has become an iconic landmark in Central London, affectionately referred to as ‘The Umbrella Shop’ by both knowledgeable black cab drivers and locals alike.
Originally founded by James Smith, the business expanded over time, establishing branches in prominent locations such as Savile Row and New Burlington Street. However, it is the main premises on New Oxford Street that stands as a lasting testament to the brand’s heritage. The shop fittings, meticulously constructed around 1865, retain their traditional Victorian charm, evoking a sense of timeless elegance.
Swaine Adeney Brigg
With a legacy spanning over two hundred and seventy years, Swaine holds the prestigious title of being the oldest luxury brand in the world, catering to royalty and nobility throughout its illustrious history.
Founded in London in 1750 by John Ross, a skilled saddler, Swaine London, previously known as Swaine Adeney Brigg, began its journey on Marylebone Street. However, tragedy struck when a fire ravaged Ross’s premises in July 1769. Undeterred, Ross swiftly relocated his business to Piccadilly the following year, ensuring the continuity of his trade.
In 1798, James Swaine, a renowned whip-maker, acquired the business from Ross, leading to the establishment of Swaine & Co., which carried forth the brand’s heritage. The Piccadilly store, which had become an esteemed destination for discerning clientele, served as the focal point of Swaine’s operations for many years.
However, in May 2022, an exciting chapter began as Swaine bid farewell to its Piccadilly location and embarked on a new journey. The brand found its new home at the prestigious Burlington Arcade in Mayfair, where it continues to delight customers with its exceptional craftsmanship and timeless elegance.
Further expanding its presence, in March 2023, Swaine unveiled its new flagship store at 127 New Bond Street, London, solidifying its position as a prominent purveyor of luxury goods.
Paxton & Whitfield
Paxton & Whitfield, esteemed cheesemongers with a rich history, hold a revered position as one of the oldest in England. Nestled at 93 Jermyn Street in London, their main shop stands as a testament to their enduring legacy.
The roots of Paxton & Whitfield trace back to the bustling market store in Aldwych, which first opened its doors in 1742. However, it was in 1797 that the foundation of the renowned cheesemongers was laid. Originally situated at 19 Jermyn Street, Paxton & Whitfield steadily garnered a reputation for their exceptional selection of cheeses and unparalleled expertise.
In 1894, a significant milestone marked their journey as they relocated to their current location, solidifying their presence on Jermyn Street. The move not only provided a new home for the establishment but also cemented its status as a cherished destination for cheese connoisseurs and enthusiasts.
With over two centuries of dedication and passion for their craft, Paxton & Whitfield continue to curate an exceptional array of cheeses, showcasing the finest offerings from Britain and beyond. Their commitment to quality, knowledge, and impeccable service has established them as a true institution in the world of cheese.
Henry Poole & Co
Henry Poole & Co, located on the renowned Savile Row in London, stands as a beacon of excellence in the realm of fine British tailoring since its establishment in 1806
The origins of Henry Poole & Co can be traced back to its humble beginnings in Brunswick Square, where it first opened its doors in 1806. Initially specialising in military tailoring, the business swiftly gained recognition for its meticulous attention to detail and superior craftsmanship.
In 1846, a significant milestone marked a new chapter in the company’s history. Following the passing of founder James Poole, the business relocated to the prestigious address on Savile Row. It was on this iconic street that Henry Poole & Co truly solidified its reputation as a purveyor of the finest bespoke tailoring.
Henry Poole, a driving force behind the business, led with passion and dedication until his demise in 1876. His legacy was then carried forward by his cousin Samuel Cundey, ensuring the continuity of the brand’s heritage. Through five generations, the Cundey family has maintained their commitment to exceptional craftsmanship and impeccable service, passing down their expertise from one owner to the next. Today, Angus Cundey and his son Simon proudly carry the torch as the present-day owners, upholding the time-honoured traditions of Henry Poole & Co.
L. Cornelissen & Son
L. Cornelissen & Son, a renowned establishment steeped in artistry and exquisite materials, owes its origins to the visionary founder, Louis Cornelissen. Originally from Belgium, Louis embarked on a journey to London in 1848, driven by his passion for creativity and craft.
In 1855, as the business flourished, L. Cornelissen & Son found a new home on Great Queen Street. Evolving with the changing landscape of printing, the Cornelissen family expanded their inventory to encompass a wide range of artistic essentials. Brushes, papers, paints, canvases, and gilding materials became integral components of their offering. By 1881, L. Cornelissen & Son had firmly established itself as a trusted artists’ colourman. In recognition of the evolving legacy and family heritage, the business changed its name from Louis Cornelissen to L. Cornelissen & Son in 1884.
Sadly, in 1977, the business ceased its operations following the passing of Len Cornelissen, the last member of the family. However, in 1979, a renaissance occurred as Nicholas Walt breathed new life into the storied establishment. Incorporating as L. Cornelissen & Son, the legacy was revived, upholding the longstanding commitment to exceptional materials and services.
In 1988, L. Cornelissen & Son found a new residence on Great Russell Street, where it continues to thrive and serve the artistic community to this day.
Hatchards
Step into the enchanting world of Hatchards, the epitome of timeless elegance nestled on the illustrious streets of London. With its grand inception dating back to 1797, this iconic bookstore holds the prestigious title of being the oldest in the city. Established by the visionary John Hatchard, Hatchards has graced Piccadilly’s magnificent landscape since the days of Georgian splendour, a testament to its enduring allure. Its regal presence occupies the coveted number 187, a building that echoes with history and whispers of literary marvels.
James J. Fox
James J. Fox, a true embodiment of tobacco excellence and a haven for aficionados since its inception in 1787. Situated on the esteemed St James’s Street, this iconic tobacco emporium has catered to a diverse clientele, ranging from humble commoners to distinguished kings. The story of James J. Fox traces back to its founder, Robert Lewis, who embarked on a journey of trading fine tobacco on the revered St James’s Street in 1787. As the years unfolded, the legacy of James J. Fox expanded, with the establishment of their first tobacco shop in London in 1947. A monumental moment arrived on September 14, 1992, when Fox acquired the prestigious business of Robert Lewis, uniting two revered names in the world of cigars. Presently, both companies operate as JJ Fox (St James’s) Ltd and proudly oversee the cigar departments of illustrious institutions such as Harrods and Selfridges.
Charbonnel et Walker
Charbonnel et Walker, the pioneering British luxury chocolatier founded in 1875, weaves together a rich tapestry of craftsmanship and indulgence. Inspired by a fortuitous encounter between Madame Charbonnel, a Parisian master of fine chocolates, and Mrs. Walker, a London-based creator of exquisite jewellery boxes, hat boxes, and more, their partnership birthed the renowned brand we know today. This exquisite confectionery company swiftly gained recognition, earning the prestigious Royal Warrant to Queen Elizabeth II in 1970. Since its inception, the original Charbonnel et Walker shop has proudly stood at 173 New Bond Street in Mayfair, nestled within the elegant arcade of Old Bond Street, one of London’s most captivating locations.
M.Manze
In a tale that spans generations, Michele Manze’s journey from the enchanting Italian village of Ravello to the bustling streets of London in 1878 laid the foundation for a culinary legacy. Settling in Bermondsey, the Manze family initially ventured into the realm of ice merchants before transitioning to the art of crafting delectable ice cream. Recognizing the growing demand for heartier fare in post-Victorian London, Michele ventured into the world of pies, mashed potatoes, and eels. In 1902, he proudly unveiled the first shop bearing his name at 87 Tower Bridge Road, Bermondsey, shortly after marrying Ada Poole. Over the years, the Manze family expanded their presence, opening additional shops in Southwark Park Road and Peckham High Street. Despite facing the challenges of World War Two and the devastating 1985 riots, the family’s dedication endured. Today, as the fourth generation enters the fold, the M. Manze story embarks on a new chapter, continuing the cherished tradition of crafting culinary delights that have stood the test of time.
Twinings
Twinings, the renowned tea brand, traces its origins back to 1706 when Thomas Twining, a visionary from Painswick, Gloucestershire, England, opened Britain’s first tea room at No. 216 Strand in London. Remarkably, this historic establishment continues to thrive to this day, offering tea enthusiasts a remarkable journey through time. A testament to its enduring heritage, Twinings boasts the world’s oldest logo in continuous use, crafted in 1787. With each sip, you can experience the rich legacy of Twinings, as they continue to innovate and create exceptional tea blends that transcend time and captivate tea lovers around the globe.
Arthur Beale
Established over 500 years ago, Arthur Beale stands as one of the oldest chandlers in the United Kingdom. From supplying early expeditions led by renowned explorers such as Ernest Shackleton and Gino Watkins to their dedication to high-quality kits for every adventure, Arthur Beale has maintained a rich legacy. Their small independent business, driven by a passion for sailing, adventure, and sustainability, embraces traditional manufacturing techniques and emphasizes local, natural, and durable materials. While their iconic Shaftesbury Avenue shop closed in 2021 due to the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, Arthur Beale continues to evolve under the leadership of Alasdair Flint and his team, carrying forward their heritage into a new chapter for the renowned chandlers.
W Martyn
W Martyn’s of Muswell Hill holds a rich heritage as a family-owned shop spanning four generations. Established in 1897 by William Martyn, it continues to thrive under the stewardship of William Martyn’s great-grandson, William Martyn himself. Over the years, the shop has witnessed intriguing tales, including the unconventional appendix surgery and joyful childhood memories shared by family members. In the early days, customers would visit the shop, sit at the counter, and have their orders attended to before receiving deliveries the next day. As times changed, W Martyn’s adapted by focusing on speciality foods, such as freshly roasted coffee, speciality teas, dried fruits, nuts, and an array of exquisite preserves. Embracing tradition, they still employ the meticulous practice of packaging products in rolled paper cones. Despite the evolving landscape of retail, W Martyn’s of Muswell Hill remains a cherished destination for discerning customers seeking quality and a connection to a bygone era.
Harvey Nichols
In 1831, Benjamin Harvey established a linen shop on the corner of Knightsbridge and Sloane Street in London. Over the years, the business expanded, acquiring adjacent properties and welcoming James Nichols into its ranks in 1841. Following Benjamin’s passing in 1850, his wife Anne and James formed a partnership, giving rise to Harvey Nichols & Co. In 1889, a new chapter began as a remarkable department store was constructed, designed by C. W. Stephens. The store’s address transformed to 109-125 Knightsbridge in 1904, solidifying its prestigious location.
Hamley’s
The remarkable story of Hamleys began in Cornwall, England, when William Hamley pursued his dream of opening a toy shop in 1760. From its humble origins as Noah’s Ark, Hamleys had already become a renowned London landmark by 1837, captivating families with its joyful offerings. The shop’s success led to the opening of a new branch on Regent Street in 1881, expanding to five floors of toys and cementing its status as the largest toy shop in the world. Today, Hamleys continues to delight children and families from around the world at its iconic location on Regent Street.
Harrods
In 1824, Charles Henry Harrod established a business in Southwark, London, initially listed as a draper, mercer, and haberdasher. By 1832, he ventured into the grocery business, and in 1849, he acquired a small shop in Brompton. Charles Digby Harrod, his son, transformed the business into a thriving retail operation, expanding the store and employing a hundred people by 1881. Harrods continued to flourish, attracting notable figures such as Oscar Wilde, Beatrix Potter, and members of the British Royal Family. The store introduced England’s first “moving staircase” (escalator) in 1898. House of Fraser acquired Harrods in 1959, and later, the Fayed brothers in 1985. In 1994, Harrods became a private company once again.
Marks & Spencer
In 1884, Michael Marks, an immigrant, established a stall at Kirkgate Market in Leeds, England, with the slogan “Don’t ask the price, it’s a Penny.” Despite starting with limited resources and English proficiency, his stall selling homewares flourished. To expand his business, Michael partnered with Tom Spencer, a cashier from Dewhirst Wholesalers. This collaboration gave birth to ‘Marks & Spencer’ and its first Penny Bazaar stores, marking the beginnings of the iconic company we know today.
John Lewis
In 1864, John Lewis opened a drapery shop at 132 Oxford Street in London. Having apprenticed as a linen draper in Wells and worked as a salesman for an Oxford Street draper, he ventured out on his own, declining a partnership offer. John Lewis believed in buying high-quality merchandise and selling it at a reasonable price. He focused on sourcing goods, often visiting the City of London and making trips to Paris to procure silks. He expanded his business by renting neighbouring properties and gradually diversified into various merchandise categories.
Peter Jones
In 1871, Peter Rees Jones opened his first shop in Chelsea, initially located in the poorer area of Draycott Avenue. Recognising the potential for growth, he moved the business to a more affluent part of Chelsea in 1877, acquiring two small shops on Kings Road. Over time, as the business flourished, he expanded by purchasing additional vacant shops on the site. By 1890, the store occupied the range of No 2 to No 14 Kings Road, eventually leading to the construction of a five-story red brick building that stood on the same site as today’s department store. Following a period of financial difficulties and Peter Rees Jones’ passing, the store was acquired by John Lewis, founder of the Oxford Street store, and later passed on to his son, John Spedan Lewis, in 1914. It subsequently became part of the John Lewis profit-sharing partnership.
Sainsbury’s
In 1869, John James Sainsbury and his wife Mary Ann established a shop at 173 Drury Lane in Covent Garden, London, marking the beginning of Sainsbury’s. Initially focusing on fresh foods, they later expanded into packaged groceries like tea and sugar. To ensure recognition, a distinctive cast-iron ‘J. SAINSBURY’ sign was featured in every London shop. Groceries were introduced in 1903 with the acquisition of a grocer’s branch in Dalston.
Debenhams
Debenhams has its origins in the establishment of a drapers’ store by William Clark in 1778 on Wigmore Street in London. In 1813, William Debenham became a partner, and the business was renamed Clark & Debenham. The store, later known as Cavendish House, offered a range of products such as drapery, silks, haberdashery, and lace. Over the years, the business expanded with the opening of branches in Cheltenham and Harrogate. In 1844, the Cheltenham premises underwent expansion, and in 1851, Debenham, Son & Freebody was formed, ushering in the era of joint trading between London, Cheltenham, and Harrogate. The business thrived, fueled by the success of their joint catalogue, the Fashion Book, which supported a flourishing mail-order trade. The company evolved over time and eventually became an online-only department store in 2021.
House of Fraser
Founded in 1849 by Hugh Fraser and James Arthur, the company started as a small drapery shop in Glasgow, Scotland, trading as Arthur and Fraser. The company expanded into wholesale trade and relocated to larger premises on Miller Street in 1856, trading as Arthur & Co. The retail side of the business grew, occupying the vacant buildings left by the wholesale operations. In 1865, the partnership between Fraser and Arthur dissolved, with Fraser taking control of the retail business and McLaren joining as a partner, resulting in the name change to Fraser & McLaren. Hugh Fraser’s sons, James, John, and Hugh, acquired stakes in the business after his death in 1873, and in 1891 the partnership became Fraser & Sons. In 1879, the flagship store on Oxford Street in London, initially trading as D H Evans, was opened by Dan Harries Evans. Hugh Fraser II incorporated the business as Fraser & Sons Ltd in 1909 and introduced the well-known stag’s head motif. After Hugh Fraser II’s passing, his son Hugh Fraser III became Chairman in 1927, expanding departments, making acquisitions, and listing the company as House of Fraser on the London Stock Exchange in 1948. Today House of Fraser is an online-only department store.
HMV
HMV traces its roots back to the Gramophone Company, which was established in the 1890s and became a prominent player in the disc gramophone industry by 1902. The company opened its first dedicated HMV shop on Oxford Street, London in 1921, and it quickly grew to become the leading specialist music retailer in the country throughout the 1970s. Over the years, HMV expanded its operations to include the manufacturing of radio and television sets under its own brand names
Selfridges
In 1906, Harry Gordon Selfridge, an entrepreneur from Chicago, arrived in London with a vision of creating his dream store. Through his innovative approach to retail and understanding of publicity, Selfridges quickly became a thriving destination under his charismatic leadership. Today, Selfridges continues to embody the spirit of innovation and creativity, offering customers an extraordinary shopping experience. With a commitment to surprise, amaze, and amuse, the store has been named the Best Department Store in the World four times. As Harry Gordon Selfridge famously said, “Everyone is welcome.”
